Giải bài 1.14 trang 11 sách bài tập toán 11 - Kết nối tri thức với cuộc sống

Đề bài

Chứng minh rằng

a) $\cos a - \sin a = \sqrt 2 \cos \left( {a + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right)$;           

b) $\sin a + \sqrt 3 \cos a = 2\sin \left( {a + \frac{\pi }{3}} \right)$.

Lời giải chi tiết

a) Ta có:

$\begin{array}{l}\sqrt 2 \cos \left( {a + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \sqrt 2 \left( {\cos a\cos \frac{\pi }{4} - \sin a\sin \frac{\pi }{4}} \right)\\\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, = \sqrt 2 \left( {\cos a.\frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2} - \sin a.\frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2}} \right)\\\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, = \sqrt 2 .\cos a.\frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2} - \sqrt 2 .\sin a.\frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2}\\\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, = \cos a - \sin a.\end{array}$

b) Ta có:

$\begin{array}{l}{\rm{VT}} = 2\sin \left( {a + \frac{\pi }{3}} \right)\,\\\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, = 2\left( {\sin a\cos \frac{\pi }{3} + \cos a\sin \frac{\pi }{3}} \right)\\\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, = 2\left( {\sin a.\frac{1}{2} + \cos a.\frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{2}} \right)\\\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, = 2\sin a.\frac{1}{2} + 2\cos a.\frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{2}\\\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, = \sin a + \sqrt 3 \cos a.\end{array}$